What else can you do with AVIA besides changing the basic sharpness, picture etc. (1 Viewer)

[Guy Kuo]

Grayscale Rescue for an Overly Enthusiastic Tweaker

As you've discovered, adjusting gray scale is not an easy matter. That is why most people leave it to professional ISF calibrators who can tune it in very tightly. At the very least you need an optical comparator or D65 light source against which to compare the color of gray while making such adjustments.

This is only intended to get you closer to normal. Doing this sort of stuff is best left to a technician. You can get yourself into a ton of trouble doing this. Since you've already gotten yourself there, I'll try to help. I'm not going to be specific to model so the actual name of the service menu items may not match your set.

I hope you haven't adjusted any of the variable resistor type "screen" controls. These are set at the factory to yield precise grid voltages for the CRT's. They should be left alone and adjusted only with instrumentation and the service manual. If you have messed these up, then at the very least, display a black field pattern and look directly into the CRT's to make sure the raster (area scanned by the electron beam) is just extinguished and no diagonal retrace lines are visible. Unfortunately, if you have already significantly altered the bias (cutoff) settings for the tubes, the proper setting for screen may not look right. You might have lightened the blacks of a tube using bias causing you to incorrectly adjust screen too dark. Setting screen controls incorrectly can accelerate CRT wear or burn out so I REALLY hope you have not touched those controls.

The controls for setting gray scale are the gain (drive) and bias (cutoff) controls for each gun. The gain and bias controls interact with each other, much as the black level (brightness) and white level (picture) controls. The bias (cutoff) control sets the appearance of black for a tube. The gain control sets the intensity of light output for a tube. One sets gray scale by displaying a 90 or 100 IRE window and adjusting gain. Then display a 20 IRE window and adjust bias. The process is repeated back and forth between the high and low IRE windows until both 20 and 90 IRE windows have the same, correct color of gray. Professional calibrators use a colorimeter or a optical comparator to tell when the color of gray is correct. It is near impossible to eyeball the color of gray without a reference white to compare against because human eyes continuously white balance and change our perception of gray.

Barely acceptable, readily available references for the color of white are a computer monitor set to 6500K (not very accurate as these tend to be all over the place in actual color), a high CRI 6500K fluorescent tube such as a Lumichrome 6500K (good accuracy), or a daylight fluorescent bulb (tend to be green tinted). If you've really messed things up, then I guess any of these would be better than nothing for a reference. Shine the bulb on a neutral gray or white card like the Kodak gray card to vary the brightness of the light. Compare the color carefully against what the display is producing.

With a colorimeter, accuracy is far better and the ISF calibrator can measure the color for points along the entire gray scale from dark to light. Most displays don't track the entire scale exactly right and an experience calibrator knows which compromises to take to make overall grayscale acceptable.

One piece of advice I would give is to always leave one of the guns (green) alone while making adjustments. If you alter all three guns, you'll soon be in a deeper quagmire. You only need to vary two of the guns since it is the RATIO of light between the guns that yields the color. At the very least, don't go raising the gains much above their factory levels.

One could go commando, take off the screen and measure the light output from each projection tube using the solar cell technique to get better precision than by eye, but that is probably more surgery than most users can safely endeavor. I'd just eyeball the color of gray of the 20 and 90 IRE windows and adjust bias and gain until both match the color of the reference light. Varying the distance between the lamp and card lets you change the brightness of your reference.

I hope this helps. The big lesson here is that one must not get carried away making adjustments in the service menu unless one fully understands their implications. Some people have even misunderstood how things work so far that they try to adjust red tube gain and bias (gray scale controls) in an attempt to fix a totally unrelated red push problem in their color decoder! The best policy is to leave service menu items to the pros or wait until one learns considerably more about how a display functions.

 

[Guy Kuo]

Another Grayscale Rescue

(Posted as an abject reminder to stay within your limitations)

The service level controls inside a RPTV can create some real problems. I'll try to help, but frankly this is very difficult to do without a professionally trained eye actually seeing the set. It appears you have adjusting the potentiometers on the set's convergence board. Setting convergence on a RPTV is difficult without prior experience. You often end up with a worse picture the first few times you try. Doing such adjustments without a service manual and experienced guidance is fraught with difficulty and some danger. It sounds like you've also accidentally altered the focus controls and perhaps touched the tube drive controls.

Here's what I would do in an attempt to correct your adjustments.

1. Temporarily adjust contrast and brightness while viewing the Needle Pulses + Steps pattern. Set brightness such that the black background just barely extinguishes and becomes black. Set contrast to make the white portions of the pattern intentionally darker than white. This temporarily brings the image into linear range so you can go on to the next step.

2. Open the display and access the convergence board. The next step is refocusing the CRT electron beams. On the vintage Mitsubishi display that you are using, I believe the focus pots are actually on the convergence board rather than a separate high voltage assembly. This makes them easy to accidentally tweak while adjusting geometry and convergence.

Display the Gray Field Plus pattern and look directly into each CRT (through the lens) and adjust beam focus for maximal sharpness of the pattern. Try to make the raster scan lines and vertical elements of the pattern as distinct as possible. You'll probably find that the blue gun does not focus as tightly as the others.

3. I hope you have not touched optical focus on the display. If you have, you'll need to place a piece of paper at the focal plane of the normal screen and refocus each lens. I use two piece of plastic (a pair of floppy discs) to act as offset mounts for a long piece of packaging tape stretched across the front of the opened projector. The floppies are taped to each side of the cabinet to protrude exactly the same distance forward as the normal screen sits. A piece of paper on the stretched piece of tape then serves as the focus plane. This allows access to the lenses for adjustment. Each optical focus is then adjusted to sharpen the image. It's best to cover the other two lenses while making adjustments. I sincerely hope you have NOT touched the factory lens settings as this WILL require full geometry and convergence adjustment if you alter optical focus.

4. Next set CRT gun centering. This is done by displaying a center cross pattern, setting the user centering controls to middle position and adjusting the centering magnet rings on the CRT necks. These are usually factory sealed so I doubt you've messed them up. I'd leave them alone if you haven't broken the seals. Excessive force can snap a CRT tube neck so this is not something to mess with unless one has to do so. Each gun needs to be adjusted to place the center of the pattern exactly in the center of the screen. Personally, I'd just leave the magnets alone in your set and use the user centering controls to align the three guns on each other.

5. Cover the red and blue guns. Set green gun size, linearity, pincushion, and keystone to make the circle hatch pattern fit on the screen with about 3 to 5 percent overscan on each edge. Get the green gun as well aligned as possible for it will act as the template for the other guns.

6. Uncover the red gun and adjust geometry and convergence controls to best align atop the green gun image. The crosshatch pattern is best for this. First concentrate on the center vertical and horizontal lines. Get skew and bow correct for the center lines. Then work on pincusion, pin balance, keystone, and keystone balance. You set may not have all the controls or may have additonal ones. The caveat here is not to accidentally change controls for other guns while adjusting red.

7. Cover the green gun. Uncover the blue gun. Adjust blue gun convergence and geometry to align on the red image.

8. Uncover all three guns and fine adjust red and blue geometry and convergence as needed.

9. Next, set sub brightness and sub contrast to make the default or center positions of the remote control bring up the correct black and white levels. Set the user bright and contrast controls to midposition. (If the remote has a reset button set to the "reset" position)

Find the sub-brightness and sub-contrast controls inside the display.

Use the Black Bars + Half Gray pattern while using the sub-brightness controls to make the black background black, and the two dark gray moving bars just barely visible. This should be done in subdued room lighting!

Use the Needle Pulses + Steps pattern while adjusting the sub-contrast control to correct levels. Keep things below the point of blooming (blurring of the electron beam). Correct level is the lowest setting that makes the white portion of the pattern appear white (rather than a shade of gray) and below the point of blooming.

You may need to adjust subbright and subcontrast alternately to achieve correct levels.

10. At this point, I would adjust the display's gray scale tracking using the bias and drive controls, but I hope you have NOT tweaked those. Setting gray scale requires a reference white for observations and a LOT of practice to do correctly. This step would take a very long discussion.

After gray scale is set, the sub-bright and sub-contrast controls will probably need retweaking.

11. Finally, close things up and proceed with the normal user level adjustments that ARE described on the AVIA disc to achieve the final image.

If the above seems too difficult, get a professional as you are probably in over your depth. I hope this helps, but you've far exceeded the adjustments described on the AVIA disc and pretty badly distorted the image of your RPTV. This is clearly not a problem with AVIA but overenthusiasm.

 

[Guy Kuo]

DIY 6.1 using AVIA

(Thankfully Home Theater Tune-up has the 6.1 tests as discrete signals)

Here's how you can set the rear left, center, and right surround channels using AVIA. I'm assuming you are using a 5.1 processor and feeding the left surround and right surround line level outputs to a separate ProLogic receiver which actually drives the three rear speakers. If you have an official 6.1 processor, go ahead and use its internal channel setup tones. It?s much simpler than setting up a homebrew, two receiver setup as I describe below.

1. Set the right and left surround levels on your 5.1 receiver to equal levels as indicated electrically, not by equalizing the SPL outputs. The signal intensities feeding the Prologic decoder of the second receiver must be equal for the steering logic to work best.

2. Set the Prologic receiver to no surround, only 3 front channels. The three front channels of the Prologic unit then are used to feed the three surround speakers. The rear speaker outputs of the Prologic unit are not used.

3. Calibrate the main 5 channels as usual with AVIA's test tones but with the following nuances.

a. The front left, center, & front right speaker SPL's are set using the main volume and channel controls of the 5.1 receiver.

b. The rear surround and rear left speaker SPL's are set using the main volume and channel controls of the Prologic unit, NOT the 5.1's channel levels.

That takes care of the main five channels. The next step is to calibrate the center surround channel relative to the left surround and right surround channels. Do this with the built-in test tone of the Prologic receiver. Adjust ONLY the "center" channel level to make the SPL of the center surround speaker match the left and right surround speakers. Do not alter the master volume or left/right channels levels of the Prologic unit. Use ONLY the center channel level control.

Now all 6 channels are dialed in and ready for testing. Play the Left Surround/Right Surround Phase test on AVIA (not available on VE. The in phase portion of the test should come out of the center surround speaker.

Finally, go on to set your subwoofer phasing, crossover point, and output level using the subwoofer setup section of AVIA.

 

[Guy Kuo]

For those who are making Pronto macros for using AVIA, here are the Title and Chapter

numbers for both the audio signals and video test patterns. GK

TitleChapterAudio Test Signal

62Channel Identification (5.1)

6565 Channel Speaker Balance

63Left-Front Level

64Center Level

65Right-Front Level

66Right-Surround Level

67Left-Surround Level

643Phase Left-Front/Right-Front

644Phase Left-Front/Center

645Phase L-Surround/R-Surround

646Phase L-Front/L-Surround

69Subwoofer Level, Left-Front

610Subwoofer Level, Center

611Subwoofer Level, Right-Front

612Subwoofer Level, Right-Surround

613Subwoofer Level, Left-Surround

614Subwoofer Phase Filtered Pink Noise, Left-Front

615Subwoofer Phase Filtered Pink Noise, Center

616Subwoofer Phase Filtered Pink Noise, Right-Front

617Subwoofer Phase Filtered Pink Noise, Right-Surround

618Subwoofer Phase Filtered Pink Noise, Left-Surround

619Subwoofer Phase Warble Sweep, Left-Front

620Subwoofer Phase Warble Sweep, Center

621Subwoofer Phase Warble Sweep, Right-Front

622Subwoofer Phase Warble Sweep, Right-Surround

623Subwoofer Phase Warble Sweep, Left-Surround

625Wideband Pink Noise 5 Channel Pan

626150 Highpass Pink 5 Channel Pan

627Circulating Ambience Generator Clicks

655Pink Noise Match of Center Speaker

647Low Frequency (200 to 20 Hz) Sweep, Left-Front

648Low Frequency (200 to 20 Hz) Sweep, Center

649Low Frequency (200 to 20 Hz) Sweep, Right-Front

650Low Frequency (200 to 20 Hz) Sweep, Right-Surround

651Low Frequency (200 to 20 Hz) Sweep, Left-Surround

652Low Frequency (200 to 20 Hz) Sweep, LFE

628Low Frequency Pink Noise, 5 Channel Pan

629Low Frequency Pink Noise, 6 Channel Pan

631Wideband Pink Noise, Left-Front

632Wideband Pink Noise, Subwoofer Level, Center

633Wideband Pink Noise, Subwoofer Level, Right-Front

634Wideband Pink Noise, Subwoofer Level, Right-Surround

635Wideband Pink Noise, Subwoofer Level, Left-Surround

636Wideband Asynchronous Pink Noise, 5 Channels

TitleChapterVideo Test Pattern

11Needle Pulses

12Needle Pulses + Steps

13Black Bars + Log Steps

14Black Bars

15Black Bars + Half Gray

16Black Bars + Half White

17Vertical 10 IRE Steps

18Horizontal 10 IRE Steps

19Crossed Step Scale

110Vertical Brightness Steps

111Horizontal Brightness Steps

112Black

11310 IRE Window

11420 IRE Window

11530 IRE Window

11640 IRE Window

11750 IRE Window

11860 IRE Window

11970 IRE Window

12080 IRE Window

12190 IRE Window

122100 IRE Window

12320 IRE Window

12410 IRE Field

12520 IRE Field

12630 IRE Field

12740 IRE Field

12850 IRE Field

12960 IRE Field

13070 IRE Field

13180 IRE Field

13290 IRE Field

133100 IRE Field

199Black Bars

1102Vertical Gray Ramp

1103Horizontal Gray Ramp

1104Crossed Horizontal Gray Ramp

1105Crossed Vertical Gray Ramp

21Center Cross 30 IRE

22Center Cross 50 IRE

23Center Cross 100 IRE

24Crosshatch 30 IRE

25Crosshatch 50 IRE

26Crosshatch 100 IRE

27Crosshatch Inverse

28Dot Hatch 30 IRE

29Dot Hatch 50 IRE

210Dot Hatch 100 IRE

211Dot Hatch Inverse

212Circle Hatch 30 IRE

213Circle Hatch 50 IRE

214Circle Hatch 100 IRE

215Dots 30 IRE

216Dots 50 IRE

217Dots 100 IRE

218Gray Field Dots

219White Field Dots

220Black Field Plus

221Gray Field Plus

222White Field Plus

223Checkerboard 30 IRE

224Checkerboard 50 IRE

225Checkerboard 100 IRE

227Crosshatch 1.66 30 IRE

228Crosshatch 1.66 100 IRE

228Crosshatch 1.66 50 IRE

229Crosshatch 1.85 30 IRE

230Crosshatch 1.85 50 IRE

231Crosshatch 1.85 100 IRE

232Crosshatch 2.0 30 IRE

233Crosshatch 2.0 50 IRE

234Crosshatch 2.0 100 IRE

235Crosshatch 2.35 30 IRE

236Crosshatch 2.35 50 IRE

237Crosshatch 2.35 100 IRE

238WSE Crosshatch 30 IRE

239WSE Crosshatch 50 IRE

240WSE Crosshatch 100 IRE

241WSE Crosshatch Inverse

242WSE Circle Hatch 30 IRE

243WSE Circle Hatch 50 IRE

244WSE Circle Hatch 100 IR

245WSE Dot Hatch Inverse

246WSE Dot Hatch 30 IRE

247WSE Dot Hatch 50 IRE

248WSE Dot Hatch 100 IRE

249WSE Dots 30 IRE

250WSE Dots 50 IRE

251WSE Dots 100 IRE

252WSE Resolution

2154Crosshatch 1.78 30 IRE

2155Crosshatch 1.78 50 IRE

2156Crosshatch 1.78 100 IRE

31Resolution 100 TVL

321Resolution 200 TVL

322Sweep

323Sweep 50%

324Multiburst

325Multiburst (Labeled)

326Multiburst 50%

327Multiburst 50% (Labeled)

328Sharpness

41Blue Bars

42Red Bars

43Green Bars

44Split Color Bars

45Split Bars with Gray

46Crossed Bars

47Minimum Phase Bars

48Maximum Phase Bars

49Full Bars

410Split 100/75 Bars

411Full 100 Bars

412Split 100 Bars

413Full 50 Bars

414Split 50 Bars

415Yellow Field

416Cyan Field

417Green Field

418Red Field

419Magenta Field

420Blue Field

51Color Decoder Check

52Y/C Delay

53Zone Plate

54Zone Plate (30 frames/sec)

55Gamma Chart

5616 Rectangle

57Overscan

58Backlight Levels

 

[Guy Kuo]

That should get you an idea of some things that can be done with AVIA.

 

[StephenMSmith]

Guy,

You should add to this post that post that contains all the text from the in disc ?'s. I just copied it from somewhere you posted it yesterday. I thought it was very helpful.

Steve

 

[Guy Kuo]

This is actually on the disc itself. Select the "?" next to the name of each pattern and you get these text plates. Here they are presented for convenient reading. Some of the plates are very similar to one another because they only differ in IRE level or aspect ratio. However, pay particular attention to the lower level gray field and black bar texts. They actually differ and contain useful information.

Guy Kuo

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Needle Pulses

This pattern tests a CRT display's high voltage power supply regulation. Try to keep white level (contrast) high enough to achieve adequate light output but low enough to avoid bending either of the vertical lines of this pattern. Some consumer CRT displays have poorly regulated high voltage power supplies and exhibit geometric distortions even before adequate light output is achieved. Because little can be done to correct this problem, you may wish to check for this limitation when choosing a display.

The traditional Needle Pulse pattern is named for a single vertical line that appears on a waveform monitor as a needle-like spike. This pattern has an additional vertical line on the right side to better reveal geometry distortions. Black Bars in the upper half help check black level. White bars in the lower half test for white level clipping, the disappearance of highlight details into solid white. One should additionally check white level with a Needle Pulses + Step pattern to look for non-linearity, blooming, and doming.

This pattern also helps detect Scan Velocity Modulation (SVM) circuitry. SVM slows the horizontal movement of a picture tube's electron beams during high luminance portions of an image. The intent is to sharpen edges, but excessive SVM distorts picture geometry and creates exaggerated outlines around objects. Look for SVM by examining the thickness of the vertical lines in this pattern. If SVM is present, the black (lower) portions are much thicker than the white (upper) portion of the lines. Some discerning viewers have SVM disabled by a technician.

Needle Pulses + Steps

This pattern adds a series of log step rectangles to check for non-linearity and blooming. Set white level (contrast) low enough to:

1. Prevent doming (change in color of white due to overheating)

2. Avoid blooming (widening or blurring of log steps)

3. Remain in linear range (each successive step should be 1/2 as bright)

4. Avoid white clipping (disappearance of white bars)

5. If possible, avoid geometry distortion (bending of vertical lines)

Doming

Doming is a serious problem that can occur with too high a white level on a picture tube display. This appears as a change in the color of white after the display has been on for a time. Doming results from overheating and buckling of the shadow mask inside the picture tube. Setting white level high enough to induce doming may permanently damage a display in seconds.

Blooming

The electron guns of a CRT display must tightly focus beams of electrons. As beam energy increases with white level, it becomes harder to maintain electron beam focus. This not only decreases resolution, but also shortens picture tube life. Detect blooming by looking for changes in sharpness and size of the step rectangles. As blooming first occurs, the brightest rectangle grows wider and fuzzier than the ones below. Always keep white level below this point.

Non-Linearity

Excessively high white level can lose highlight detail due to non-linearity or white clipping. In both cases, near white details become white and disappear. Non-linearity can also be seen with this pattern's step rectangles. While a display operates within linear range, each step appears half the brightness of the one above it. Above linear range, the brighter steps appear too similar.

White Clipping

White clipping is an extreme form of non-linearity that causes everything brighter than a certain threshold to become white. This is common in LCD displays when white level is set too high. The White Bars in the lower half of this pattern are near white and blend to the white background if white clipping occurs. Keep white level below this point or you will lose highlight details.

Geometry Distortion

Just as with the Needle Pulses pattern, this pattern checks high voltage power supply adequacy. Try to keep white level below the point at which the vertical lines of the pattern bend. Some displays exhibit this distortion even before one can achieve usable levels.

Black Level

The upper half of this pattern includes Black Bars to help set black level (brightness). Adjust black level to keep the black background completely black, but the Black Bars just visible. Too high a black level diminishes image transparency. Too low a black level obscures shadow detail. Consumer grade displays often change black level with APL (Average Picture Level). You may want to recheck using Black Bar patterns with differing APL.

Black Bars + Log Steps

Some users prefer the larger rectangles and dark background of this pattern over the Needle Pulses + Steps pattern for assessing linearity and blooming. However, should also use a Needle Pulses pattern for fully setting white level because this pattern does not reveal geometry distortion or doming

.

Correct black level varies with ambient lighting conditions. Set room lighting to match normal viewing conditions prior to adjusting black level. View this low APL (Average Picture Level) pattern and set black level to render the background totally dark but keep the moving Black Bars visible. When black level is accurately set, the right Black Bar should be visible and the darker, left Black Bar just barely visible against the black background.

Many consumer grade displays only partially stabilize black level as APL changes. Look for this by examining the Black Bars in this and other Black Bar patterns. The Black Bars ideally remain the same brightness no matter what else accompanies them on screen. In reality, one often finds the Black Bars brighter when APL is low. If this occurs on a display, set a compromise black level using a pattern with moderate or high APL such as the Black Bars + Half Gray or Black Bars + Half White pattern.

Prior to AVIA, properly setting black level was difficult with the many DVD players that do not reproduce traditional, blacker-than-black PLUGE signals. Many DVD owners had to approximate the setting on their displays. AVIA's Black Bar patterns do not rely on blacker-than-black signals for accurate function and work regardless of model DVD player used

Black Bars

Correct black level varies with ambient lighting conditions. Always set room lighting to match your viewing conditions prior to adjusting black level. View this low APL (Average Picture Level) pattern and set black level to render the background totally black yet keeps the moving Black Bars visible. When black level is accurately set, the right Black Bar should be visible and the darker, left Black Bar just barely visible against the black background.

Many consumer grade displays only partially stabilize black level as APL changes. Look for this by examining the Black Bars in this and other Black Bar patterns. The Black Bars ideally remain the same brightness no matter what else accompanies them on screen. In reality, one often finds the Black Bars brighter when APL is low. If this occurs on a display, set a compromise black level using a pattern with moderate or high APL such as the Black Bars + Half Gray or Black Bars + Half White pattern.

Prior to AVIA, properly setting black level was difficult with the many DVD players that do not reproduce traditional, blacker-than-black PLUGE signals. Many DVD owners had to approximate the setting on their displays. AVIA's Black Bar patterns do not rely on blacker-than-black signals for accurate function and work regardless of DVD player model.

Black Bars + Half Gray

Correct black level varies with ambient lighting conditions. Always set room lighting to match your viewing conditions prior to adjusting black level. View this moderate APL (Average Picture Level) pattern and set black level to render the background totally black yet keep the moving Black Bars visible. When black level is accurately set, the right Black Bar should be visible and the darker, left Black Bar just barely visible against the black background.

Many consumer grade displays only partially stabilize black level as APL changes. Look for this by examining the Black Bars in this and other Black Bar patterns. The Black Bars ideally remain the same brightness no matter what else accompanies them on screen. In reality, one often finds the Black Bars brighter when APL is low. If this occurs on a display, set a compromise black level using a pattern with moderate or high APL such as the Black Bars + Half Gray or Black Bars + Half White pattern.

Prior to AVIA, properly setting black level was difficult with the many DVD players that do not reproduce traditional, blacker-than-black PLUGE signals. Many DVD owners had to approximate the setting on their displays. AVIA's Black Bar patterns do not rely on blacker-than-black signals for accurate function and work regardless of DVD player model.

Black Bars + Half White

Correct black level varies with ambient lighting conditions. Always set room lighting to match your viewing conditions prior to adjusting black level. View this high APL (Average Picture Level) pattern and set black level to render the background totally black yet keep the moving Black Bars visible. When black level is accurately set, the right Black Bar should be visible and the darker, left Black Bar just barely visible against the black background.

Many consumer grade displays only partially stabilize black level as APL changes. Look for this by examining the Black Bars in this and other Black Bar patterns. The Black Bars ideally remain the same brightness no matter what else accompanies them on screen. In reality, one often finds the Black Bars brighter when APL is low. If this occurs on a display, set a compromise black level using a pattern with moderate or high APL such as the Black Bars + Half Gray or Black Bars + Half White pattern.

Prior to AVIA, properly setting black level was difficult with the many DVD players that do not reproduce traditional, blacker-than-black PLUGE signals. Many DVD owners had to approximate the setting on their displays. AVIA's Black Bar patterns do not rely on blacker-than-black signals for accurate function and work regardless of DVD player model.

Vertical 10 IRE Steps

This pattern is composed of steps in gray from 100 IRE (white), 90, 80, 70, 60, 50, 40, 30, 20, 10, 7.5 (black). On a screen with perfect gray scale tracking and screen uniformity, there would be no change in color from one step to another. If color differences are present, window and full field patterns can help determine whether the color changes are due to gray scale tracking errors or screen uniformity problems.

Horizontal 10 IRE Steps

This pattern is composed of steps in gray from 100 IRE (white), 90, 80, 70, 60, 50, 40, 30, 20, 10, 7.5 (black). On a screen with perfect gray scale tracking and screen uniformity, there would be no change in color from one step to another. If color differences are present, window and full field patterns can help determine whether the color changes are due to gray scale tracking errors or screen uniformity problems.

Crossed Step Scale

This pattern is composed of opposing steps in gray from 100 IRE (white), 90, 80, 70, 60, 50, 40, 30, 20, 10, 7.5 (black). On a screen with perfect gray scale tracking and screen uniformity, there would be no change in color from one step to another. If color differences are present, window and full field patterns can help determine whether the color changes are due to gray scale tracking errors or screen uniformity problems.

Vertical Brightness Steps

IRE step patterns work well with a waveform monitor for checking how linearly a video system behaves, but they do not appear monotonic to the human eye. This pattern serves as a visual check for linearity because it takes into account the gamma response of an NTSC video display and the logarithmic response of human vision. If your display is working properly, the steps in this pattern appear monotonic.

Horizontal Brightness Steps

IRE step patterns work well with a waveform monitor for checking how linearly a video system behaves, but they do not appear monotonic to the human eye. This pattern serves as a visual check for linearity because it takes into account the gamma response of an NTSC video display and the logarithmic response of human vision. If your display is working properly, the steps in this pattern appear monotonic.

Vertical Gray Ramp

This pattern goes smoothly from 100 IRE (white) to 7.5 (black). On a screen with perfect gray scale tracking and screen uniformity, there would be no change in color from neutral gray. If color shifts are visible, window and full field patterns can help determine whether the color changes are due to gray scale tracking errors or screen uniformity problems.

Horizontal Gray Ramp

This pattern goes smoothly from 100 IRE (white) to 7.5 (black). On a screen with perfect gray scale tracking and screen uniformity, there would be no change in color from neutral gray. If color shifts are visible, window and full field patterns can help determine whether the color changes are due to gray scale tracking errors or screen uniformity problems.

Crossed Horizontal Gray Ramp

This pattern goes smoothly from 100 IRE (white) to 7.5 (black). On a screen with perfect gray scale tracking and screen uniformity, there would be no change in color from neutral gray. If color shifts are visible, window and full field patterns can help determine whether the color changes are due to gray scale tracking errors or screen uniformity problems.

Crossed Vertical Gray Ramp

This pattern goes smoothly from 100 IRE (white) to 7.5 (black). On a screen with perfect gray scale tracking and screen uniformity, there would be no change in color from neutral gray. If color shifts are visible, window and full field patterns can help determine whether the color changes are due to gray scale tracking errors or screen uniformity problems.

Black

This pattern is completely black (7.5 IRE). An ideal display is totally black with this pattern. If it is not completely black, the problem may be improper black level setting, incomplete DC restoration in the display, ambient light, or display technology. CRT projectors are desired for their very dark blacks. LCD projectors can have some light leakage and cannot produce total blackness. The darkness of black is important in making a display seem transparent.

10 IRE Window

Window patterns are preferred over full screen patterns for checking gray scale tracking. Many displays have non-uniform color and brightness when one compares different screen regions. These differences can confuse observers. By illuminating only a central rectangle, window patterns minimize this confusion. Look for color changes as you step through the window patterns. Changes from neutral gray suggest a gray scale tracking error.

20 IRE Window

Window patterns are preferred over full screen patterns for checking gray scale tracking. Many displays have non-uniform color when one compares different screen regions. These differences between regions of a screen can confuse observers. By illuminating only a central rectangle, window patterns minimize this confusion. Look for color changes as you step through the window patterns. Changes from neutral gray suggest a gray scale tracking error.

30 IRE Window

Window patterns are preferred over full screen patterns for checking gray scale tracking. Many displays have non-uniform color when one compares different screen regions. These differences between regions of a screen can confuse observers. By illuminating only a central rectangle, window patterns minimize this confusion. Look for color changes as you step through the window patterns. Changes from neutral gray suggest a gray scale tracking error.

40 IRE Window

Window patterns are preferred over full screen patterns for checking gray scale tracking. Many displays have non-uniform color when one compares different screen regions. These differences between regions of a screen can confuse observers. By illuminating only a central rectangle, window patterns minimize this confusion. Look for color changes as you step through the window patterns. Changes from neutral gray suggest a gray scale tracking error.

50 IRE Window

Window patterns are preferred over full screen patterns for checking gray scale tracking. Many displays have non-uniform color when one compares different screen regions. These differences between regions of a screen can confuse observers. By illuminating only a central rectangle, window patterns minimize this confusion. Look for color changes as you step through the window patterns. Changes from neutral gray suggest a gray scale tracking error.

60 IRE Window

Window patterns are preferred over full screen patterns for checking gray scale tracking. Many displays have non-uniform color when one compares different screen regions. These differences between regions of a screen can confuse observers. By illuminating only a central rectangle, window patterns minimize this confusion. Look for color changes as you step through the window patterns. Changes from neutral gray suggest a gray scale tracking error.

70 IRE Window

Window patterns are preferred over full screen patterns for checking gray scale tracking. Many displays have non-uniform color when one compares different screen regions. These differences between regions of a screen can confuse observers. By illuminating only a central rectangle, window patterns minimize this confusion. Look for color changes as you step through the window patterns. Changes from neutral gray suggest a gray scale tracking error.

80 IRE Window

Window patterns are preferred over full screen patterns for checking gray scale tracking. Many displays have non-uniform color when one compares different screen regions. These differences between regions of a screen can confuse observers. By illuminating only a central rectangle, window patterns minimize this confusion. Look for color changes as you step through the window patterns. Changes from neutral gray suggest a gray scale tracking error.

90 IRE Window

Window patterns are preferred over full screen patterns for checking gray scale tracking. Many displays have non-uniform color when one compares different screen regions. These differences between regions of a screen can confuse observers. By illuminating only a central rectangle, window patterns minimize this confusion. Look for color changes as you step through the window patterns. Changes from neutral gray suggest a gray scale tracking error.

100 IRE Window

Window patterns are preferred over full screen patterns for checking gray scale tracking. Many displays have non-uniform color when one compares different screen regions. These differences between regions of a screen can confuse observers. By illuminating only a central rectangle, window patterns minimize this confusion. Look for color changes as you step through the window patterns. Changes from neutral gray suggest a gray scale tracking error.

20 IRE Window

This 20 IRE Window facilitates switching between 100, 20 and 7.5 IRE patterns while adjusting gray scale. Setting gray scale to match 6500K white involves adjusting the color of white and the color of black. The preceding 100 IRE window is useful for seeing the effects at the white end of the gray scale. This 20 IRE window is useful in checking the black end of the scale.

Gray Scale

The television standard for neutral gray is the color of 6500K light. It is desirable to have the grays of a display match this color. Setting gray scale to match 6500K white is often called "color temperature calibration." The process is not as mysterious as one would believe.

Setting gray scale entails adjusting the proportion of red, green, and blue so that all grays from black to white match the color of standard 6500K white. Typically two controls are provided for each primary color. Bias controls primarily affect the dark end of the scale. Gain controls primarily affect the light end of the scale. The controls interact so one must adjust them alternately.

The human eye is very good at detecting disparities between colors, but poor at judging absolute color. Professional calibrators know this and always use either a reference light source of 6500K light or a colorimeter while making adjustments. Adjusting gray scale without a comparison reference leads to incorrect results.

In broad terms, one views test patterns containing white and black (or near black). Bias and gain are then set for each gun to make black and white as neutral in color as possible when compared against a reference light source or measured by colorimeter. Once both ends of the gray scale are as neutral as possible, the display is properly adjusted.

Black Bars

This Black Bars pattern allows easy checking of black level when adjusting gray scale.

10 IRE Field

This dark, 10 IRE Field pattern is particularly useful for detecting signal interference that may enter your system via poorly shielded cabling, connectors or the power system. Interference signals often appear as visible faint details against what should be a perfectly even dark gray field. Look at this pattern with dim room lighting and watch for moving lines or faint images.

AC Hum bars appear as a thick horizontal line that slowly moves up or down the screen. Interference from extraneous video signals appear as faint but recognizable images superimposed on the dark gray background

20 IRE Field

Full field grays from very dark to white are provided in 10 IRE steps. Because these fields are completely uniform, an ideal display screen will be completely filled by a single shade of gray. Real life displays often have differences in color and brightness over differing regions. Magnetization, hot spotting and color shifts are commonly seen irregularities.

30 IRE Field

Full field grays from very dark to white are provided in 10 IRE steps. Because these fields are completely uniform, an ideal display screen will be completely filled by a single shade of gray. Real life displays often have differences in color and brightness over differing regions. Magnetization, hot spotting and color shifts are commonly seen irregularities.

40 IRE Field

Full field grays from very dark to white are provided in 10 IRE steps. Because these fields are completely uniform, an ideal display screen will be completely filled by a single shade of gray. Real life displays often have differences in color and brightness over differing regions. Magnetization, hot spotting and color shifts are commonly seen irregularities.

50 IRE Field

Full field grays from very dark to white are provided in 10 IRE steps. Because these fields are completely uniform, an ideal display screen will be completely filled by a single shade of gray. Real life displays often have differences in color and brightness over differing regions. Magnetization, hot spotting and color shifts are commonly seen irregularities.

60 IRE Field

Full field grays from very dark to white are provided in 10 IRE steps. Because these fields are completely uniform, an ideal display screen will be completely filled by a single shade of gray. Real life displays often have differences in color and brightness over differing regions. Magnetization, hot spotting and color shifts are commonly seen irregularities.

70 IRE Field

Full field grays from very dark to white are provided in 10 IRE steps. Because these fields are completely uniform, an ideal display screen will be completely filled by a single shade of gray. Real life displays often have differences in color and brightness over differing regions. Magnetization, hot spotting and color shifts are commonly seen irregularities.

80 IRE Field

Full field grays from very dark to white are provided in 10 IRE steps. Because these fields are completely uniform, an ideal display screen will be completely filled by a single shade of gray. Real life displays often have differences in color and brightness over differing regions. Magnetization, hot spotting and color shifts are commonly seen irregularities.

90 IRE Field

Full field grays from very dark to white are provided in 10 IRE steps. Because these fields are completely uniform, an ideal display screen will be completely filled by a single shade of gray. Real life displays often have differences in color and brightness over differing regions. Magnetization, hot spotting and color shifts are commonly seen irregularities.

100 IRE Field

Full field grays from very dark to white are provided in 10 IRE steps. Because these fields are completely uniform, an ideal display screen will be completely filled by a single shade of gray. Real life displays often have differences in color and brightness over differing regions. Magnetization, hot spotting and color shifts are commonly seen irregularities.

Center Cross 30 IRE

A Center Cross is useful for setting static convergence of red, green and blue CRT guns. Static convergence moves image position but minimally changes image shape. Center Cross patterns are commonly built into rear and front projection displays. Short lines at the ends of the cross indicate safe action area. This pattern is provided at three different intensities.

Center Cross 50 IRE

A Center Cross is useful for setting static convergence of red, green and blue CRT guns. Static convergence moves image position but minimally changes image shape. Center Cross patterns are commonly built into rear and front projection displays. Short lines at the ends of the cross indicate safe action area. This pattern is provided at three different intensities.

Center Cross 100 IRE

A Center Cross is useful for setting static convergence of red, green and blue CRT guns. Static convergence moves image position but minimally changes image shape. Center Cross patterns are commonly built into rear and front projection displays. Short lines at the ends of the cross indicate safe action area. This pattern is provided at three different intensities.

Crosshatch 30 IRE

A Crosshatch is useful for setting image size, geometry and convergence. The pattern is composed of equally spaced horizontal and vertical lines. Edge markers for a 5% inset "Safe Action" area help set image size and centering. Geometry is correct when all squares appear equal sized and undistorted throughout the pattern. Convergence errors appear as non-alignment of red, green, or blue images. Both static and dynamic convergence adjustments are possible while examining a crosshatch pattern.

Many consumer grade displays produce a larger image when the image is brighter. It is usually best to set the image size while viewing a relatively dim crosshatch so images do not shrink too small during dark scenes.

Crosshatch 50 IRE

This crosshatch pattern is useful for setting image size, geometry and convergence. The pattern is composed of equally spaced horizontal and vertical lines. Edge markers for a 5% inset "Safe Action" area help set image size and centering. Geometry is correct when all squares appear equal sized and undistorted throughout the pattern. Convergence errors appear as non-alignment of red, green, or blue images. Both static and dynamic convergence adjustments are possible while examining a crosshatch pattern.

Many consumer grade displays produce a larger picture when the image is brighter. It is usually best to set the image size while viewing a relatively dim image. If image size is adjusted using a bright image, the image may shrink too far and reveal images edges during dark scenes.

Crosshatch 100 IRE

This crosshatch pattern is useful for setting image size, geometry and convergence. The pattern is composed of equally spaced horizontal and vertical lines. Edge markers for a 5% inset "Safe Action" area help set image size and centering. Geometry is correct when all squares appear equal sized and undistorted throughout the pattern. Convergence errors appear as non-alignment of red, green, or blue images. Both static and dynamic convergence adjustments are possible while examining a crosshatch pattern.

Many consumer grade displays produce a larger picture when the image is brighter. It is usually best to set the image size while viewing a relatively dim image. If image size is adjusted using a bright image, the image may shrink too far and reveal images edges during dark scenes.

Crosshatch Inverse

This crosshatch pattern is useful for setting image size, geometry and convergence. The pattern is composed of equally spaced horizontal and vertical lines. Edge markers for a 5% inset "Safe Action" area help set image size and centering. Geometry is correct when all squares appear equal sized and undistorted throughout the pattern. Convergence errors appear as non-alignment of red, green, or blue images. Both static and dynamic convergence adjustments are possible while examining a crosshatch pattern.

Many consumer grade displays produce a larger picture when the image is brighter. It is usually best to set the image size while viewing a relatively dim image. If image size is adjusted using a bright image, the image may shrink too far and reveal images edges during dark scenes.

Dot Hatch 30 IRE

A Dot Hatch pattern is sometimes preferred for setting focus, static and dynamic convergence. Geometry is correct when squares are of equal size and undistorted throughout the screen. The dots are especially useful for checking focus and electron beam shape.

Dot Hatch 50 IRE

A Dot Hatch pattern is sometimes preferred for setting focus, static and dynamic convergence. Geometry is correct when squares are of equal size and undistorted throughout the screen. The dots are especially useful for checking focus and electron beam shape.

Dot Hatch 100 IRE

A Dot Hatch pattern is sometimes preferred for setting focus, static and dynamic convergence. Geometry is correct when squares are of equal size and undistorted throughout the screen. The dots are especially useful for checking focus and electron beam shape.

Dot Hatch Inverse

A Dot Hatch pattern is sometimes preferred for setting focus, static and dynamic convergence. Geometry is correct when squares are of equal size and undistorted throughout the screen. Black dots and lines against a white background make focus adjustments easier. Adjust optical and electron beam focus to make the dots and lines black as possible.

Circle Hatch 30 IRE

The Circle Hatch is intended for checking image size and linearity. Included are safe action area edge markers for setting image size and centering. The circles serve as visual checks for geometric linearity. Use the large circle to check overall linearity. The smaller circles help evaluate corner geometry.

Image size should be adjusted to minimize overscan. However some overscan may be needed to hide a display's tendency to change image size. Linearity adjustments are performed to make all circles round. Because size and linearity controls interact, it is necessary to go back and forth between them until both geometry and size are correct.

Circle Hatch 50 IRE

The Circle Hatch is intended for checking image size and linearity. Included are safe action area edge markers for setting image size and centering. The circles serve as visual checks for geometric linearity. Use the large circle to check overall linearity. The smaller circles help evaluate corner geometry.

Image size should be adjusted to minimize overscan. However some overscan may be needed to hide a display's tendency to change image size. Linearity adjustments are performed to make all circles round. Because size and linearity controls interact, it is necessary to go back and forth between them until both geometry and size are correct.

Circle Hatch 100 IRE

The Circle Hatch is intended for checking image size and linearity. Included are safe action area edge markers for setting image size and centering. The circles serve as visual checks for geometric linearity. Use the large circle to check overall linearity. The smaller circles help evaluate corner geometry.

Image size should be adjusted to minimize overscan. However some overscan may be needed to hide a display's tendency to change image size. Linearity adjustments are performed to make all circles round. Because size and linearity controls interact, it is necessary to go back and forth between them until both geometry and size are correct.

Dots 30 IRE

A Dot pattern is used for setting static and dynamic convergence as well as focus. Convergence is adjusted to make the red, green, and blue components of each dot coincide throughout the pattern. Optimal focus is achieved when white dot size is minimized.

Dots 50 IRE

A Dot pattern is used for setting static and dynamic convergence as well as focus. Convergence is adjusted to make the red, green, and blue components of each dot coincide throughout the pattern. Optimal focus is achieved when white dot size is minimized.

Dots 100 IRE

A Dot pattern is used for setting static and dynamic convergence as well as focus. Convergence is adjusted to make the red, green, and blue components of each dot coincide throughout the pattern. Optimal focus is achieved when white dot size is minimized.

Gray Field Dots

Black dots against a lighted background are sometimes easier to use when adjusting optical and electron beam focus. The black dots appear largest and most distinct when focus is optimal.

White Field Dots

Black dots against a lighted background are sometimes easier to use when adjusting optical and electron beam focus. The black dots appear largest and most distinct when focus is optimal.

Black Field Plus

A Plus pattern is used for setting static and dynamic convergence as well as focus. Convergence is adjusted to make the red, green, and blue components of each small cross coincide throughout the pattern. Optimal focus is achieved when the crosses appear sharpest.

Gray Field Plus

Black crosses against a lighted background are sometimes easier to use when adjusting optical and electron beam focus. The black crosses appear largest and most distinct when focus is optimal.

White Field Plus

Black crosses against a lighted background are sometimes easier to use when adjusting optical and electron beam focus. The black crosses appear largest and most distinct when focus is optimal.

Checkerboard 30 IRE

Some technicians prefer a Checkerboard pattern for setting static and dynamic convergence. Geometry is correct when all squares are of equal size and undistorted throughout the display. Convergence errors appear as color edges around the white squares. Vertical edges of squares may also be used to set peaking. When peaking is correctly adjusted, vertical edges appear sharp but without false outlining.

Checkerboard 50 IRE

Some technicians prefer a Checkerboard pattern for setting static and dynamic convergence. Geometry is correct when all squares are of equal size and undistorted throughout the display. Convergence errors appear as color edges around the white squares. Vertical edges of squares may also be used to set peaking. When peaking is correctly adjusted, vertical edges appear sharp but without false outlining.

Checkerboard 100 IRE

Some technicians prefer a Checkerboard pattern for setting static and dynamic convergence. Geometry is correct when all squares are of equal size and undistorted throughout the display. Convergence errors appear as color edges around the white squares. Vertical edges of squares may also be used to set peaking. When peaking is correctly adjusted, vertical edges appear sharp but without false outlining.

Crosshatch 1.66 30 IRE

This Crosshatch pattern is dimensioned for a 1.66:1 aspect ratio screen and is useful for setting image size, geometry and convergence. The pattern is composed of equally spaced horizontal and vertical lines. Edge markers for a 5% inset "Safe Action" area help set image size and centering. Geometry is correct when all squares appear equal sized and undistorted throughout the pattern. Convergence errors appear as non-alignment of red, green, or blue images. Both static and dynamic convergence adjustments are possible while examining a crosshatch pattern.

Many consumer grade displays produce a larger picture when the image is brighter. It is usually best to set the image size while viewing a relatively dim image. If image size is adjusted using a bright image, the image may shrink too far and reveal images edges during dark scenes.

Crosshatch 1.66 50 IRE

This Crosshatch pattern is dimensioned for a 1.66:1 aspect ratio screen and is useful for setting image size, geometry and convergence. The pattern is composed of equally spaced horizontal and vertical lines. Edge markers for a 5% inset "Safe Action" area help set image size and centering. Geometry is correct when all squares appear equal sized and undistorted throughout the pattern. Convergence errors appear as non-alignment of red, green, or blue images. Both static and dynamic convergence adjustments are possible while examining a crosshatch pattern.

Many consumer grade displays produce a larger picture when the image is brighter. It is usually best to set the image size while viewing a relatively dim image. If image size is adjusted using a bright image, the image may shrink too far and reveal images edges during dark scenes.

Crosshatch 1.66 100 IRE

This Crosshatch pattern is dimensioned for a 1.66:1 aspect ratio screen and is useful for setting image size, geometry and convergence. The pattern is composed of equally spaced horizontal and vertical lines. Edge markers for a 5% inset "Safe Action" area help set image size and centering. Geometry is correct when all squares appear equal sized and undistorted throughout the pattern. Convergence errors appear as non-alignment of red, green, or blue images. Both static and dynamic convergence adjustments are possible while examining a crosshatch pattern.

Many consumer grade displays produce a larger picture when the image is brighter. It is usually best to set the image size while viewing a relatively dim image. If image size is adjusted using a bright image, the image may shrink too far and reveal images edges during dark scenes.

Crosshatch 1.78 30 IRE

This Crosshatch pattern is dimensioned for a 1.78:1 aspect ratio screen and is useful for setting image size, geometry and convergence. The pattern is composed of equally spaced horizontal and vertical lines. Edge markers for a 5% inset "Safe Action" area help set image size and centering. Geometry is correct when all squares appear equal sized and undistorted throughout the pattern. Convergence errors appear as non-alignment of red, green, or blue images. Both static and dynamic convergence adjustments are possible while examining a crosshatch pattern.

Many consumer grade displays produce a larger picture when the image is brighter. It is usually best to set the image size while viewing a relatively dim image. If image size is adjusted using a bright image, the image may shrink too far and reveal images edges during dark scenes.

Crosshatch 1.78 50 IRE

This Crosshatch pattern is dimensioned for a 1.78:1 aspect ratio screen and is useful for setting image size, geometry and convergence. The pattern is composed of equally spaced horizontal and vertical lines. Edge markers for a 5% inset "Safe Action" area help set image size and centering. Geometry is correct when all squares appear equal sized and undistorted throughout the pattern. Convergence errors appear as non-alignment of red, green, or blue images. Both static and dynamic convergence adjustments are possible while examining a crosshatch pattern.

Many consumer grade displays produce a larger picture when the image is brighter. It is usually best to set the image size while viewing a relatively dim image. If image size is adjusted using a bright image, the image may shrink too far and reveal images edges during dark scenes.

Crosshatch 1.78 100 IRE

This Crosshatch pattern is dimensioned for a 1.78:1 aspect ratio screen and is useful for setting image size, geometry and convergence. The pattern is composed of equally spaced horizontal and vertical lines. Edge markers for a 5% inset "Safe Action" area help set image size and centering. Geometry is correct when all squares appear equal sized and undistorted throughout the pattern. Convergence errors appear as non-alignment of red, green, or blue images. Both static and dynamic convergence adjustments are possible while examining a crosshatch pattern.

Many consumer grade displays produce a larger picture when the image is brighter. It is usually best to set the image size while viewing a relatively dim image. If image size is adjusted using a bright image, the image may shrink too far and reveal images edges during dark scenes.

Crosshatch 1.85 30 IRE

This Crosshatch pattern is dimensioned for a 1.85:1 aspect ratio screen and is useful for setting image size, geometry and convergence. The pattern is composed of equally spaced horizontal and vertical lines. Edge markers for a 5% inset "Safe Action" area help set image size and centering. Geometry is correct when all squares appear equal sized and undistorted throughout the pattern. Convergence errors appear as non-alignment of red, green, or blue images. Both static and dynamic convergence adjustments are possible while examining a crosshatch pattern.

Many consumer grade displays produce a larger picture when the image is brighter. It is usually best to set the image size while viewing a relatively dim image. If image size is adjusted using a bright image, the image may shrink too far and reveal images edges during dark scenes.

Crosshatch 1.85 50 IRE

This Crosshatch pattern is dimensioned for a 1.85:1 aspect ratio screen and is useful for setting image size, geometry and convergence. The pattern is composed of equally spaced horizontal and vertical lines. Edge markers for a 5% inset "Safe Action" area help set image size and centering. Geometry is correct when all squares appear equal sized and undistorted throughout the pattern. Convergence errors appear as non-alignment of red, green, or blue images. Both static and dynamic convergence adjustments are possible while examining a crosshatch pattern.

Many consumer grade displays produce a larger picture when the image is brighter. It is usually best to set the image size while viewing a relatively dim image. If image size is adjusted using a bright image, the image may shrink too far and reveal images edges during dark scenes.

Crosshatch 1.85 100 IRE

This Crosshatch pattern is dimensioned for a 1.85:1 aspect ratio screen and is useful for setting image size, geometry and convergence. The pattern is composed of equally spaced horizontal and vertical lines. Edge markers for a 5% inset "Safe Action" area help set image size and centering. Geometry is correct when all squares appear equal sized and undistorted throughout the pattern. Convergence errors appear as non-alignment of red, green, or blue images. Both static and dynamic convergence adjustments are possible while examining a crosshatch pattern.

Many consumer grade displays produce a larger picture when the image is brighter. It is usually best to set the image size while viewing a relatively dim image. If image size is adjusted using a bright image, the image may shrink too far and reveal images edges during dark scenes.

Crosshatch 2.0 30 IRE

This Crosshatch pattern is dimensioned for a 2.0:1 aspect ratio screen and is useful for setting image size, geometry and convergence. The pattern is composed of equally spaced horizontal and vertical lines. Edge markers for a 5% inset "Safe Action" area help set image size and centering. Geometry is correct when all squares appear equal sized and undistorted throughout the pattern. Convergence errors appear as non-alignment of red, green, or blue images. Both static and dynamic convergence adjustments are possible while examining a crosshatch pattern.

Many consumer grade displays produce a larger picture when the image is brighter. It is usually best to set the image size while viewing a relatively dim image. If image size is adjusted using a bright image, the image may shrink too far and reveal images edges during dark scenes.

Crosshatch 2.0 50 IRE

This Crosshatch pattern is dimensioned for a 2.0:1 aspect ratio screen and is useful for setting image size, geometry and convergence. The pattern is composed of equally spaced horizontal and vertical lines. Edge markers for a 5% inset "Safe Action" area help set image size and centering. Geometry is correct when all squares appear equal sized and undistorted throughout the pattern. Convergence errors appear as non-alignment of red, green, or blue images. Both static and dynamic convergence adjustments are possible while examining a crosshatch pattern.

Many consumer grade displays produce a larger picture when the image is brighter. It is usually best to set the image size while viewing a relatively dim image. If image size is adjusted using a bright image, the image may shrink too far and reveal images edges during dark scenes.

Crosshatch 2.0 100 IRE

This Crosshatch pattern is dimensioned for a 2.0:1 aspect ratio screen and is useful for setting image size, geometry and convergence. The pattern is composed of equally spaced horizontal and vertical lines. Edge markers for a 5% inset "Safe Action" area help set image size and centering. Geometry is correct when all squares appear equal sized and undistorted throughout the pattern. Convergence errors appear as non-alignment of red, green, or blue images. Both static and dynamic convergence adjustments are possible while examining a crosshatch pattern.

Many consumer grade displays produce a larger picture when the image is brighter. It is usually best to set the image size while viewing a relatively dim image. If image size is adjusted using a bright image, the image may shrink too far and reveal images edges during dark scenes.

Crosshatch 2.35 30 IRE

This Crosshatch pattern is dimensioned for a 2.35:1 aspect ratio screen and is useful for setting image size, geometry and convergence. The pattern is composed of equally spaced horizontal and vertical lines. Edge markers for a 5% inset "Safe Action" area help set image size and centering. Geometry is correct when all squares appear equal sized and undistorted throughout the pattern. Convergence errors appear as non-alignment of red, green, or blue images. Both static and dynamic convergence adjustments are possible while examining a crosshatch pattern.

Many consumer grade displays produce a larger picture when the image is brighter. It is usually best to set the image size while viewing a relatively dim image. If image size is adjusted using a bright image, the image may shrink too far and reveal images edges during dark scenes.

Crosshatch 2.35 50 IRE

This Crosshatch pattern is dimensioned for a 2.35:1 aspect ratio screen and is useful for setting image size, geometry and convergence. The pattern is composed of equally spaced horizontal and vertical lines. Edge markers for a 5% inset "Safe Action" area help set image size and centering. Geometry is correct when all squares appear equal sized and undistorted throughout the pattern. Convergence errors appear as non-alignment of red, green, or blue images. Both static and dynamic convergence adjustments are possible while examining a crosshatch pattern.

Many consumer grade displays produce a larger picture when the image is brighter. It is usually best to set the image size while viewing a relatively dim image. If image size is adjusted using a bright image, the image may shrink too far and reveal images edges during dark scenes.

Crosshatch 2.35 100 IRE

This Crosshatch pattern is dimensioned for a 2.35:1 aspect ratio screen and is useful for setting image size, geometry and convergence. The pattern is composed of equally spaced horizontal and vertical lines. Edge markers for a 5% inset "Safe Action" area help set image size and centering. Geometry is correct when all squares appear equal sized and undistorted throughout the pattern. Convergence errors appear as non-alignment of red, green, or blue images. Both static and dynamic convergence adjustments are possible while examining a crosshatch pattern.

Many consumer grade displays produce a larger picture when the image is brighter. It is usually best to set the image size while viewing a relatively dim image. If image size is adjusted using a bright image, the image may shrink too far and reveal images edges during dark scenes.

WSE Crosshatch 30 IRE

This Crosshatch pattern is designed for a 1.78:1 (16:9) format screen, which is displaying a 16:9 widescreen, enhanced image. Widescreen enhanced format increases vertical resolution by stretching images to fill the entire video frame vertically rather than just the central portion of a letterboxed frame. The display then squeezes the image vertically to restore normal appearing aspect ratio. By using all available scan lines, vertical resolution is increased.

The pattern is composed of equally spaced horizontal and vertical lines (when seen on a widescreen enhanced display). Edge markers for "Safe Action" area help set image size and centering. Geometry is correct when all squares appear equal sized and undistorted throughout the pattern. Convergence errors appear as non-alignment of red, green, or blue images. Both static and dynamic convergence adjustments are possible while examining a Crosshatch pattern.

WSE Crosshatch 50 IRE

This Crosshatch pattern is designed for a 1.78:1 (16:9) format screen, which is displaying a 16:9 widescreen, enhanced image. Widescreen enhanced format increases vertical resolution by stretching images to fill the entire video frame vertically rather than just the central portion of a letterboxed frame. The display then squeezes the image vertically to restore normal appearing aspect ratio. By using all available scan lines, vertical resolution is increased.

The pattern is composed of equally spaced horizontal and vertical lines (when seen on a widescreen enhanced display). Edge markers for "Safe Action" area help set image size and centering. Geometry is correct when all squares appear equal sized and undistorted throughout the pattern. Convergence errors appear as non-alignment of red, green, or blue images. Both static and dynamic convergence adjustments are possible while examining a Crosshatch pattern.

WSE Crosshatch 100 IRE

This Crosshatch pattern is designed for a 1.78:1 (16:9) format screen, which is displaying a 16:9 widescreen, enhanced image. Widescreen enhanced format increases vertical resolution by stretching images to fill the entire video frame vertically rather than just the central portion of a letterboxed frame. The display then squeezes the image vertically to restore normal appearing aspect ratio. By using all available scan lines, vertical resolution is increased.

The pattern is composed of equally spaced horizontal and vertical lines (when seen on a widescreen enhanced display). Edge markers for "Safe Action" area help set image size and centering. Geometry is correct when all squares appear equal sized and undistorted throughout the pattern. Convergence errors appear as non-alignment of red, green, or blue images. Both static and dynamic convergence adjustments are possible while examining a Crosshatch pattern.

WSE Crosshatch Inverse

This Crosshatch pattern is designed for a 1.78:1 (16:9) format screen, which is displaying a 16:9 widescreen, enhanced image. Widescreen enhanced format increases vertical resolution by stretching images to fill the entire video frame vertically rather than just the central portion of a letterboxed frame. The display then squeezes the image vertically to restore normal appearing aspect ratio. By using all available scan lines, vertical resolution is increased.

The pattern is composed of equally spaced horizontal and vertical lines (when seen on a widescreen enhanced display). Edge markers for "Safe Action" area help set image size and centering. Geometry is correct when all squares appear equal sized and undistorted throughout the pattern. Convergence errors appear as non-alignment of red, green, or blue images. Both static and dynamic convergence adjustments are possible while examining a Crosshatch pattern.

WSE Circle Hatch 30 IRE

This Circle Hatch pattern is designed for a 1.78:1 (16:9) format screen, which is displaying a 16:9 widescreen, enhanced image. Widescreen enhanced format increases vertical resolution by stretching images to fill the entire video frame vertically rather than just the central portion of a letterboxed frame. The display then squeezes the image vertically to restore normal appearing aspect ratio. By using all available scan lines, vertical resolution is increased.

The Circle Hatch is intended for checking image size and linearity. Included are safe action area edge markers for setting image size and centering. The circles serve as visual checks for geometric linearity. Use the large circle to check overall linearity. The smaller circles help evaluate corner geometry.

Image size should be adjusted to minimize overscan. However some overscan may be needed to hide a display's tendency to change image size. Linearity adjustments are performed to make all circles round. Because size and linearity controls interact, it is necessary to go back and forth between them until both geometry and size are correct.

WSE Circle Hatch 50 IRE

This Circle Hatch pattern is designed for a 1.78:1 (16:9) format screen, which is displaying a 16:9 widescreen, enhanced image. Widescreen enhanced format increases vertical resolution by stretching images to fill the entire video frame vertically rather than just the central portion of a letterboxed frame. The display then squeezes the image vertically to restore normal appearing aspect ratio. By using all available scan lines, vertical resolution is increased.

The Circle Hatch is intended for checking image size and linearity. Included are safe action area edge markers for setting image size and centering. The circles serve as visual checks for geometric linearity. Use the large circle to check overall linearity. The smaller circles help evaluate corner geometry.

Image size should be adjusted to minimize overscan. However some overscan may be needed to hide a display's tendency to change image size. Linearity adjustments are performed to make all circles round. Because size and linearity controls interact, it is necessary to go back and forth between them until both geometry and size are correct.

WSE Circle Hatch 100 IR

This Circle Hatch pattern is designed for a 1.78:1 (16:9) format screen, which is displaying a 16:9 widescreen, enhanced image. Widescreen enhanced format increases vertical resolution by stretching images to fill the entire video frame vertically rather than just the central portion of a letterboxed frame. The display then squeezes the image vertically to restore normal appearing aspect ratio. By using all available scan lines, vertical resolution is increased.

The Circle Hatch is intended for checking image size and linearity. Included are safe action area edge markers for setting image size and centering. The circles serve as visual checks for geometric linearity. Use the large circle to check overall linearity. The smaller circles help evaluate corner geometry.

Image size should be adjusted to minimize overscan. However some overscan may be needed to hide a display's tendency to change image size. Linearity adjustments are performed to make all circles round. Because size and linearity controls interact, it is necessary to go back and forth between them until both geometry and size are correct.

WSE Dot Hatch Inverse

This Dot Hatch pattern is designed for a 1.78:1 (16:9) format screen, which is displaying a 16:9 widescreen, enhanced image. Widescreen enhanced format increases vertical resolution by stretching images to fill the entire video frame vertically rather than just the central portion of a letterboxed frame. The display then squeezes the image vertically to restore normal appearing aspect ratio. By using all available scan lines, vertical resolution is increased.

A Dot Hatch pattern is sometimes preferred for setting focus, static and dynamic convergence. Geometry is correct when squares are of equal size and undistorted throughout the screen. Black dots and lines against a white background make focus adjustments easier. Adjust optical and electron beam focus to make the dots and lines black as possible.

WSE Dot Hatch 30 IRE

This Dot Hatch pattern is designed for a 1.78:1 (16:9) format screen, which is displaying a 16:9 widescreen, enhanced image. Widescreen enhanced format increases vertical resolution by stretching images to fill the entire video frame vertically rather than just the central portion of a letterboxed frame. The display then squeezes the image vertically to restore normal appearing aspect ratio. By using all available scan lines, vertical resolution is increased.

A Dot Hatch pattern is sometimes preferred for setting focus, static and dynamic convergence. Geometry is correct when squares are of equal size and undistorted throughout the screen. The dots are especially useful for checking focus and electron beam shape.

WSE Dot Hatch 50 IRE

This Dot Hatch pattern is designed for a 1.78:1 (16:9) format screen, which is displaying a 16:9 widescreen, enhanced image. Widescreen enhanced format increases vertical resolution by stretching images to fill the entire video frame vertically rather than just the central portion of a letterboxed frame. The display then squeezes the image vertically to restore normal appearing aspect ratio. By using all available scan lines, vertical resolution is increased.

A Dot Hatch pattern is sometimes preferred for setting focus, static and dynamic convergence. Geometry is correct when squares are of equal size and undistorted throughout the screen. The dots are especially useful for checking focus and electron beam shape.

WSE Dot Hatch 100 IRE

This Dot Hatch pattern is designed for a 1.78:1 (16:9) format screen, which is displaying a 16:9 widescreen, enhanced image. Widescreen enhanced format increases vertical resolution by stretching images to fill the entire video frame vertically rather than just the central portion of a letterboxed frame. The display then squeezes the image vertically to restore normal appearing aspect ratio. By using all available scan lines, vertical resolution is increased.

A Dot Hatch pattern is sometimes preferred for setting focus, static and dynamic convergence. Geometry is correct when squares are of equal size and undistorted throughout the screen. The dots are especially useful for checking focus and electron beam shape.

WSE Dots 30 IRE

This Dot Hatch pattern is designed for a 1.78:1 (16:9) format screen, which is displaying a 16:9 widescreen, enhanced image. Widescreen enhanced format increases vertical resolution by stretching images to fill the entire video frame vertically rather than just the central portion of a letterboxed frame. The display then squeezes the image vertically to restore normal appearing aspect ratio. By using all available scan lines, vertical resolution is increased.

A Dot pattern is used for setting static and dynamic convergence as well as focus. Convergence is adjusted to make the red, green, and blue components of each dot coincide throughout the pattern. Optimal focus is achieved when white dot size is minimized.

WSE Dots 50 IRE

This Dot Hatch pattern is designed for a 1.78:1 (16:9) format screen, which is displaying a 16:9 widescreen, enhanced image. Widescreen enhanced format increases vertical resolution by stretching images to fill the entire video frame vertically rather than just the central portion of a letterboxed frame. The display then squeezes the image vertically to restore normal appearing aspect ratio. By using all available scan lines, vertical resolution is increased.

A Dot pattern is used for setting static and dynamic convergence as well as focus. Convergence is adjusted to make the red, green, and blue components of each dot coincide throughout the pattern. Optimal focus is achieved when white dot size is minimized.

WSE Dots 100 IRE

This Dot Hatch pattern is designed for a 1.78:1 (16:9) format screen, which is displaying a 16:9 widescreen, enhanced image. Widescreen enhanced format increases vertical resolution by stretching images to fill the entire video frame vertically rather than just the central portion of a letterboxed frame. The display then squeezes the image vertically to restore normal appearing aspect ratio. By using all available scan lines, vertical resolution is increased.

A Dot pattern is used for setting static and dynamic convergence as well as focus. Convergence is adjusted to make the red, green, and blue components of each dot coincide throughout the pattern. Optimal focus is achieved when white dot size is minimized.

WSE Resolution

This Resolution pattern is designed for a 1.78:1 (16:9) format screen, which is displaying a 16:9 widescreen, enhanced image. Widescreen enhanced format increases vertical resolution by stretching images to fill the entire video frame vertically rather than just the central portion of a letterboxed frame. The display then squeezes the image vertically to restore normal appearing aspect ratio. By using all available scan lines, vertical resolution is increased.

This wedge pattern allows measurement of vertical and horizontal resolution. The Vertical wedges measure horizontal resolution from 100 to 405 TVL (the limit of 16:9 ratio DVD images). The Horizontal wedges measure vertical resolution to 480 TVL. Additionally, circular patches of lines spaced at 3.0, 3.58, 4.18 and 6.75 MHz acts as additional measures of image resolution. A central zone plate pattern helps evaluate color separator function.

Resolution 100 TVL

This Resolution wedge pattern allows measurement of vertical and horizontal resolution. The Vertical wedges measure horizontal resolution from 100 to 540 TVL (the limit of 4:3 ratio DVD images). The Horizontal wedges measure vertical resolution to 480 TVL. Additionally, circular patches of lines spaced at 3.0, 3.58, 4.18 and 6.75 MHz acts as additional measures of image resolution. A central zone plate pattern helps evaluate color separator function.

Resolution 200 TVL

This Resolution wedge pattern allows measurement of vertical and horizontal resolution. The Vertical wedges measure horizontal resolution from 200 to 540 TVL (the limit of 4:3 ratio DVD images). The Horizontal wedges measure vertical resolution to 480 TVL. Additionally, circular patches of lines spaced at 3.0, 3.58, 4.18 and 6.75 MHz acts as additional measures of image resolution. A central zone plate pattern helps evaluate color separator function.

Sweep

This horizontal sweep pattern goes from 0.5 to 5.0 MHz. The amplitude of the waveform is constant (100% of black to white) as frequency increases. A display with perfectly flat frequency response will show all the vertical lines at the same brightness. If one adjusts a display's peaking control, one can see the frequency range that the control alters by looking for which part of the sweep changes in brightness.

When viewed on a waveform monitor this pattern has frequency markers at 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 3.58, 4.18, and 5.0 MHz. Horizontal markers indicate -3 dB and -6 dB attenuation levels.

Sweep 50%

Sometimes a full amplitude sweep is undesirable as when checking the recording capabilities of a VCR. This 50% amplitude sweep is provided for those occasions. This horizontal sweep pattern goes from 0.5 to 5.0 MHz. The amplitude of the waveform is constant (50% of black to white) as frequency increases. A display with perfectly flat frequency response will show all the vertical lines at the same brightness. If one adjusts a display's peaking control, one can see the frequency range that the control alters by looking for which part of the sweep changes in brightness.

When viewed on a waveform monitor this pattern has frequency markers at 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 3.58, 4.18, and 5.0 MHz. Horizontal markers indicate -3 dB and -6 dB attenuation levels.

Multiburst

This Multiburst pattern includes constant amplitude signal bursts at several frequencies of interest. The 3.58 MHz burst

 

[Howard_S]

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