Something I hadn't considered is that the MiniDSP can make phase adjustments that are frequency dependent, rather than just making sweeping changes. Is that what you're saying? It completely makes sense that would solve a lot more problems than the internal controls can.
Caveat: This is primarily for 2ch listening, as with subs it isn't as critical if you're using a good room correction tool after miniDSP integration.
Yes, each FIR filter tap can do so. Keep in mind REW primarily generates IIR filters which focus on frequency, so the process for true phase correction without paying for Dirac on the 2x4HD, is to use REW to generate the IIR filters for frequency correction, then adjust delay using the miniDSP, and finally, use RePhase/Acourate/Audiolens to generate FIR filters as needed to correct phase.
rePhase FIR Tool
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I would suggest you start by reading this article - it's short and sweet but will help you understand the filter types (IIR vs FIR): https://www.minidsp.com/applications/dsp-basics/fir-vs-iir-filtering