As Brian said, C++ is the language we use these days. That's for all platforms except the GBA (and even then if you want, though you won't get the speed you need to be competitive for an action game).
I'm a lead programmer these days, which at my company is about 60% management/40% coding, so I get to interview people regularly. If you don't have experience in the industry, you're going to find it harder for sure. It'd be like me applying to Microsoft for a position developing Word or Visual Studio. The specific skills are just different. As you can code already you'll be able to pick those new skills up, but unless you're applying for an entry-level position, you'll be up against candidates who already HAVE those skills. And there's no replacement for experience.
There's some crossover though, especially on the tools side, where most development is done for Windows machines using C++/MFC.
Some examples of skills in demand:
- Physics: Rigid-body, springs, rag-doll, hair/cloth simulation, collision systems, realtime IK
- Rendering: visual effects, lighting models, radiosity, DirectX, PS2 microcode
- Networking: client/server programming, prediction, client synchronization, deterministic systems
- General: platform-specific optimization, multi-threading, asynchronous data streaming and resource management, calculus, audio programming
There's more, but if you're an expert in any of those fields you should be able to walk into a game programming job, if you still want to after this thread
