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First you need to determine the exact projector you want. This will determine what screen sizes you can achieve in your room.
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Alternatively you should consider your room layout and seating distance first, and select the appropriate screen size based on desired viewing angle. Minimum is 30 degrees, but other standards call for 35-40 degrees. With the necessary screen size identified (width and aspect ratio) you then need to consider projector specs. Projector throw distances (distance from lens to screen) are typically expressed in a range of multiples of screen width. So a projector with a minimum 1x and maximum 2x (to use easy numbers) throw would require 8-16' distance from the screen for an 8' wide screen size. If you're seated at the 12' mark chances are you don't want the projector above or in front of you. If a projector has too short a throw this may be a limiting criteria. You'll need to balance specs and performance to achieve what you want. Likewise if you demand that the projector must be flush mounted to the ceiling as opposed to hanging down you'll need to consider projectors that have optical lens shift that allow placement above the screen.
Installation issues aside you will also need to consider the range of screen sizes a projector is spec'd for. If you want (and can accommodate comfortably) a 110" wide screen but the projector is not recommended for sizes greater than 96" you'll need to change something. Either the projector type, the screen size, or the screen gain (get one that has higher gain for more light amplification, but beware of the detrimental image effects with fixed pixel projectors).
Personally I would recommend starting with screen size based on viewing angle and selecting a projector based on its capabilities and your installation preferences. If you start with a projector that determines a screen size that is too small (ie. delivers a viewing angle less than 30 degrees) you may be underwhelmed with the result.
Bottom line is pre-planning cannot be underestimated. What I'm in the process of doing is going through interations of room design and drafting things to scale to see how it all works out. My seating distance allows for a 96" wide (110" diagonal) 16:9 screen. That's a pretty reasonable screen size that delivers a 35 degree field of vision and can be accomodated by most of the current crop of projectors (will be a FireHawk with 1.35 gain). That said I also demand that the projector be mounted behind me. That pretty much takes out the new Marantz; despite how cool it is there is a very short throw that would have it mounted almost over my head. Can't live with that. Alternatively, the new Sharp 10000U sounds amazing and has a nice, long throw distance but it cannot be mounted higher than the top of the screen. This means the center of the lens will be 19" down from the ceiling - that leaves a very large white projector hanging in midair which aesthetically doesn't work for me (functionally as well as there will be casual seating behind it that will be affected). Another one bites the dust. Right now I'm really interested in the new Dwin TV3 as it offers a) a reasonably long max throw at 2.1x, and b) includes a lens shift feature that allows flush mounting to the ceiling. I made a spreadsheet that calculates screen size based on desired viewing angle and seating distance (including vertical screen placement based on ceiling height and eye level) if you're interested - just shoot me an e-mail.
--Jay
PS. When considering throw distances I would suggest not planning for mounting at either end of the projector's extreme range. For example, on a 2x throw projector for an 8' wide screen if you place the lens front at 16' you have zero room for error in your mounting. If you need a little extra zoom for proper setup and you're already at the limit you're screwed. Plan for a little bit of wiggle room. I have heard that it is recommended to mount the projector towards the end of its range as it more evenly distributes the light output across the screen. Don't know how true that is but intuitively it makes sense.